CWE-776Base

Improper Restriction of Recursive Entity References in DTDs ('XML Entity Expansion')

Draft in the CWE catalog · 40 CVEs mapped

40
CVEs mapped
6.7
Median CVSS
What it is

The product uses XML documents and allows their structure to be defined with a Document Type Definition (DTD), but it does not properly control the number of recursive definitions of entities.

Recent examples
5.7cvss
CVE-2026-16180

CVE-2026-16180 - MEDIUM Severity Vulnerability

IBM App Connect Enterprise 13.0.1.0 through 13.0.8.1, and 12.0.1.0 through 12.0.12.28 and IBM Integration Bus for z/OS 10.1.0.0 through 10.1.0.7 Toolkit could allow an authenticated user to cause a denial-of-service condition due to improper validation of XML entities.

MEDIUMno explanation yet
0%
epss
7.5cvss
CVE-2026-78681

CVE-2026-78681 - HIGH Severity Vulnerability

NLTK versions before 3.10.3 use xml.etree.ElementTree to parse XML in multiple modules, which honors entity declarations in document DTDs. Attackers can craft XML payloads with nested entity declarations that expand from hundreds of bytes to megabytes in memory, causing denial of service.

HIGHno explanation yet
0%
epss
none
CVE-2026-73569

CVE-2026-73569 - UNKNOWN Severity Vulnerability

fast-xml-parser allows users to process XML from JS object without C/C++ based libraries or callbacks. From 5.9.3 until 5.10.1, src/xmlparser/OrderedObjParser.js processes multiple DOCTYPE declarations within a single XML document and passes each declaration's entities through addInputEntities(). addInputEntities() resets maxTotalExpansions and maxExpandedLength every time it is called, allowing additional DOCTYPE declarations to repeatedly reset the configured entity-expansion limits during one parse operation. A crafted XML document can then cause excessive CPU use, event-loop blocking, memory exhaustion, and process termination. This issue is fixed in version 5.10.1.

no explanation yet
0%
epss
The record
Technical detail
CWE ID
CWE-776
Abstraction
Base
Structure
Simple
Status
Draft
References (7)