Draft in the CWE catalog · 17 CVEs mapped
The product does not follow, or incorrectly follows, the chain of trust for a certificate back to a trusted root certificate.
Multiple SEIKO EPSON printers and scanners contain revoked root certificates. A man-in-the-middle attack may allow an attacker to obtain communication data transmitted by the product. As for the details of the affected products and versions, refer to the vendor's information.
Slate Digital Connect 1.37.0 for macOS installs a privileged helper tool, com.slatedigital.connect.privileged.helper.tool, which exposes the XPC service com.slatedigital.connect.privileged.helper.tool2. The helper validates connecting XPC clients by checking only the subject.OU value of the client's signing certificate and does not verify that the certificate chains to a trusted code-signing authority. A local attacker can sign a malicious client with a self-signed certificate containing the expected organizational unit value and connect to the privileged XPC service. This allows unauthorized access to privileged helper functionality and may lead to local privilege escalation.
Improper Following of a Certificate's Chain of Trust vulnerability in Erlang OTP public_key (pubkey_cert module) allows a non-CA certificate to be accepted as an intermediate issuer, enabling certificate chain forgery. In lib/public_key/src/pubkey_cert.erl, pubkey_cert:validate_extensions/7 contains two flaws that together allow a certificate with basicConstraints cA:false and no keyUsage extension to be used as an intermediate issuer in a chain passed to public_key:pkix_path_validation/3: the cA:false clause recurses into the remaining extensions without rejecting the certificate when it is in issuer position, and the keyUsage check only fires when the extension is present, so a certificate lacking keyUsage entirely bypasses the keyCertSign enforcement. Any party holding an end-entity certificate with basicConstraints cA:false and no keyUsage extension, issued by any CA in the victim's trust store, can use that certificate's private key to sign forged leaf certificates for arbitrary identities. public_key:pkix_path_validation/3 accepts the resulting chain, and by extension every TLS or mTLS endpoint built on the OTP ssl application that relies on the default verifier is affected, including server identity verification on the client side and client certificate verification on mTLS servers. This issue affects OTP from OTP 17.0 before OTP 29.0.1, OTP 28.5.0.1, OTP 27.3.4.12 and OTP 26.2.5.21, corresponding to public_key from 0.22 before 1.21.1, 1.20.3.1, 1.17.1.3 and 1.15.1.7.