CVE-2026-49293CWE-1333CWE-400CWE-407

CPU exhaustion via O(n^2) BigInt construction on radix-prefixed integer literals

High · published June 19, 2026

CVSS v3.1
7.5
EPSS
1%
Percentile
49.9
In the wild
Unconfirmed
What it is

js-toml is a TOML parser for JavaScript, fully compliant with the TOML 1.0.0 Spec. Versions up to and including 1.1.0 parse hexadecimal / octal / binary integer literals via a hand-written `parseBigInt` loop that multiplies a `BigInt` accumulator by the radix once per input digit. Each iteration performs a `BigInt * BigInt` operation on an accumulator that grows linearly with the number of digits already consumed, so the whole loop is O(n²) in the literal length. The lexer regex places no upper bound on the literal length, so a single TOML document containing one ~500 kB hex literal pins one CPU core for ~40 seconds on a modern laptop (Apple M-series, Node v22). Memory amplification is bounded but CPU amplification is severe and grows quadratically: doubling the literal length quadruples the work. A caller that invokes `load()` on attacker-controlled TOML (configuration upload endpoints, CI/CD systems ingesting third-party `*.toml`, IDE plugins, build tools) is exposed to a single-request CPU exhaustion DoS. Version 1.1.1 fixes the issue.

The record
Technical detail
CVSS v3.1
7.5 · HIGH
Vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
CVSS v4.0
Not supplied
EPSS
0.00644 · 49.9th percentile
Weaknesses
CWE-1333 · Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity; CWE-400 · Uncontrolled Resource Consumption; CWE-407 · Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity
Published
2026-06-19T18:14Z
EPSS history
Timeline
  • 19 JUN 18:14Z
    CPU exhaustion via O(n^2) BigInt construction on radix-prefixed integer literals
    cvelistv5