CVE-2026-44723CWE-1336CWE-78

Vowpal Wabbit: Shell injection via crafted PR title in python_checks.yml allows arbitrary command execution on CI runner

Medium · published May 26, 2026

CVSS v3.1
5.0
EPSS
1%
Percentile
47.3
In the wild
Unconfirmed
What it is

Vowpal Wabbit is a machine learning system. The workflow .github/workflows/python_checks.yml embeds ${{ github.event.pull_request.title }} directly inside double-quoted bash strings in four separate steps across four jobs, each passing it as a CLI argument to the Python test script run_tests_model_gen_and_load.py. The shell interprets the expanded string before invoking Python, allowing an attacker to break out of the quotes and execute arbitrary commands on the runner. The pull_request trigger fires on PRs targeting any branch (branches: ['*']), with no additional access gate. This vulnerability is fixed by the 998e390e80a7e8192d7849b7784bc113dbd190ad commit.

The record
Technical detail
CVSS v3.1
5.0 · MEDIUM
Vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:N/A:N
CVSS v4.0
Not supplied
EPSS
0.00585 · 47.3th percentile
Weaknesses
CWE-1336 · Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine; CWE-78 · Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')
Published
2026-05-26T15:49Z
EPSS history
Timeline
  • 26 MAY 15:49Z
    Vowpal Wabbit: Shell injection via crafted PR title in python_checks.yml allows arbitrary command execution on CI runner
    cvelistv5