CVE-2026-44000CWE-693

vm2: sandbox boundary bypass via host Promise resolution preserving host object identity

Medium · published May 13, 2026

CVSS v3.1
6.5
EPSS
0%
Percentile
20.4
In the wild
Unconfirmed
What it is

vm2 is an open source vm/sandbox for Node.js. Prior to 3.11.0, a sandbox boundary violation in vm2 allows host object identity to cross into the sandbox through host Promise resolution. When a host-side Promise that resolves to a host object is exposed to the sandbox, the value delivered to the sandbox .then() callback preserves host identity. This allows the sandbox to interact with the host object directly, including performing identity checks using host-side WeakMap and mutating host object state from inside the sandbox. This behavior occurs because the Promise fulfillment wrapper uses ensureThis() instead of the stronger cross-realm conversion path (from() / proxy wrapping). If no prototype mapping is found, ensureThis() returns the original object. As a result, objects resolved by host Promises can cross the sandbox boundary without proper isolation. This vulnerability is fixed in 3.11.0.

The record
Technical detail
CVSS v3.1
6.5 · MEDIUM
Vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N
CVSS v4.0
Not supplied
EPSS
0.00290 · 20.4th percentile
Weakness
CWE-693 · Protection Mechanism Failure
Published
2026-05-13T17:23Z
EPSS history
Timeline
  • 13 MAY 17:23Z
    vm2: sandbox boundary bypass via host Promise resolution preserving host object identity
    cvelistv5