CVE-2026-40494CWE-787

SAIL has heap buffer overflow in TGA RLE decoder — raw packet path missing bounds check

Critical · published April 18, 2026

CVSS v3.1
9.8
EPSS
1%
Percentile
45.4
In the wild
Unconfirmed
What it is

SAIL is a cross-platform library for loading and saving images with support for animation, metadata, and ICC profiles. Prior to commit 45d48d1f2e8e0d73e80bc1fd5310cb57f4547302, the TGA codec's RLE decoder in `tga.c` has an asymmetric bounds check vulnerability. The run-packet path (line 297) correctly clamps the repeat count to the remaining buffer space, but the raw-packet path (line 305-311) has no equivalent bounds check. This allows writing up to 496 bytes of attacker-controlled data past the end of a heap buffer. Commit 45d48d1f2e8e0d73e80bc1fd5310cb57f4547302 patches the issue.

The record
Technical detail
CVSS v3.1
9.8 · CRITICAL
Vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
CVSS v4.0
Not supplied
EPSS
0.00553 · 45.4th percentile
Weakness
CWE-787 · Out-of-bounds Write
Published
2026-04-18T01:42Z
EPSS history
Timeline
  • 18 APR 01:42Z
    SAIL has heap buffer overflow in TGA RLE decoder — raw packet path missing bounds check
    cvelistv5