CVE-2026-40176CWE-20CWE-78

Composer is vulnerable to Command Injection via Malicious Perforce Repository

High · published April 15, 2026

CVSS v3.1
7.8
EPSS
1%
Percentile
62.2
In the wild
Unconfirmed
What it is

Composer is a dependency manager for PHP. Versions 1.0 through 2.2.26 and 2.3 through 2.9.5 contain a command injection vulnerability in the Perforce::generateP4Command() method, which constructs shell commands by interpolating user-supplied Perforce connection parameters (port, user, client) without proper escaping. An attacker can inject arbitrary commands through these values in a malicious composer.json declaring a Perforce VCS repository, leading to command execution in the context of the user running Composer, even if Perforce is not installed. VCS repositories are only loaded from the root composer.json or the composer config directory, so this cannot be exploited through composer.json files of packages installed as dependencies. Users are at risk if they run Composer commands on untrusted projects with attacker-supplied composer.json files. This issue has been fixed in Composer 2.2.27 (2.2 LTS) and 2.9.6 (mainline).

The record
Technical detail
CVSS v3.1
7.8 · HIGH
Vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
CVSS v4.0
Not supplied
EPSS
0.00998 · 62.2th percentile
Weaknesses
CWE-20 · Improper Input Validation; CWE-78 · Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')
Published
2026-04-15T20:47Z
EPSS history
Timeline
  • 15 APR 20:47Z
    Composer is vulnerable to Command Injection via Malicious Perforce Repository
    cvelistv5