CVE-2026-25056CWE-434CWE-693

n8n Arbitrary File Write leading to RCE in n8n Merge Node

Critical · published February 4, 2026

CVSS v4.0
9.4
EPSS
1%
Percentile
54.1
In the wild
Unconfirmed
What it is

🚨 A crafty flaw in n8n's Merge node lets authenticated users write arbitrary files to the server! 🔥 Think of it as a sneaky waiter who can write any order they want on the menu, potentially serving up something dangerous instead of your pasta. This vulnerability allows users to manipulate the server's filesystem just like that waiter altering orders behind the scenes. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability to upload malicious files or even execute arbitrary code on the server, leading to a complete system compromise. Imagine the chaos if someone could run their own scripts on your server — it could spell disaster for your workflows and data integrity!

Put simply

Think of it as a sneaky waiter who can write any order they want on the menu, potentially serving up something dangerous instead of your pasta. This vulnerability allows users to manipulate the server's filesystem just like that waiter altering orders behind the scenes. This vulnerability in n8n's SQL Query mode of the Merge node allows authenticated users with the right permissions to write files directly to the server's filesystem, which could lead to remote code execution.

What to do

An attacker could exploit this vulnerability to upload malicious files or even execute arbitrary code on the server, leading to a complete system compromise. Imagine the chaos if someone could run their own scripts on your server — it could spell disaster for your workflows and data integrity! Update your n8n instance to versions 1.118.0 or 2.4.0 immediately to close this critical vulnerability. Additionally, review user permissions to ensure only trusted users can create or modify workflows. Regularly monitor your workflows for any suspicious activity. You've got this! By following these steps, you're well on your way to securing your n8n environment! 🛡️

The record
Technical detail
CVSS v4.0
9.4 · CRITICAL
Vector
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H
EPSS
0.00739 · 54.1th percentile
Weaknesses
CWE-434 · Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type; CWE-693 · Protection Mechanism Failure
Published
2026-02-04T16:47Z
EPSS history
Timeline
  • 04 FEB 16:47Z
    n8n Arbitrary File Write leading to RCE in n8n Merge Node
    cvelistv5