CVE-2026-22817CWE-347

JWT Algorithm Confusion via Unsafe Default (HS256) in Hono JWT Middleware Allows Token Forgery and Auth Bypass

High · published January 13, 2026

CVSS v3.1
8.2
EPSS
0%
Percentile
5.4
In the wild
Unconfirmed
What it is

⚡ A sneaky flaw in Hono's JWT verification could let forged tokens slip right by, like a magician making a card disappear! 🎩✨ Think of it like a restaurant where the chef accepts any dish order without checking the recipe first. If the system doesn’t verify the cooking method, you might end up serving a dish that's just not safe to eat! This vulnerability allows an attacker to exploit the JWT verification process, leading to potential unauthorized access. Imagine granting someone a golden key based on a fake recipe—they could access sensitive information or functionalities they shouldn’t!

Put simply

Think of it like a restaurant where the chef accepts any dish order without checking the recipe first. If the system doesn’t verify the cooking method, you might end up serving a dish that's just not safe to eat! The flaw in Hono’s middleware allows the JWT header’s alg value to influence signature verification, which could enable JWT algorithm confusion when the selected JWK lacks an explicit algorithm specification.

What to do

This vulnerability allows an attacker to exploit the JWT verification process, leading to potential unauthorized access. Imagine granting someone a golden key based on a fake recipe—they could access sensitive information or functionalities they shouldn’t! To protect your applications, upgrade Hono to version 4.11.4 immediately. Be sure to review your JWT configurations and explicitly specify the alg option to prevent any chance of confusion. Don't wait—this is a critical step! You’ve got this! Follow these steps, and you’ll keep your app safe and sound. 🛡️

The record
Technical detail
CVSS v3.1
8.2 · HIGH
Vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:N
CVSS v4.0
Not supplied
EPSS
0.00165 · 5.4th percentile
Weakness
CWE-347 · Improper Verification of Cryptographic Signature
Published
2026-01-13T19:49Z
EPSS history
Timeline
  • 13 JAN 19:49Z
    JWT Algorithm Confusion via Unsafe Default (HS256) in Hono JWT Middleware Allows Token Forgery and Auth Bypass
    cvelistv5