CVE-2026-21637

A flaw in Node.js TLS error handling allows remote attackers to crash or exhaust resources of a TLS server when `pskCallback` or `ALPNCallback` are in use

Medium · published January 20, 2026

CVSS v3.0
5.9
EPSS
1%
Percentile
65.9
In the wild
Unconfirmed
What it is

⚠️ A sneaky exception in Node.js could turn your TLS server into a crashing wave! When `pskCallback` or `ALPNCallback` are in play, attackers can exploit this flaw to overwhelm your resources. 🌊 Think of it like a restaurant accepting unlimited reservations without checking if they can handle the crowd. Suddenly, the kitchen is overwhelmed, and the whole service collapses under the pressure. This vulnerability lets bad actors flood your TLS server with requests, causing chaos! If exploited, attackers could remotely crash your server or quietly drain its resources, leading to a denial of service. This means legitimate users could find themselves left out in the cold, unable to connect while malicious activities run rampant!

Put simply

Think of it like a restaurant accepting unlimited reservations without checking if they can handle the crowd. Suddenly, the kitchen is overwhelmed, and the whole service collapses under the pressure. This vulnerability lets bad actors flood your TLS server with requests, causing chaos! This vulnerability arises from improper error handling in Node.js during TLS handshakes. Specifically, exceptions thrown by `pskCallback` or `ALPNCallback` bypass the standard error handling, which can either terminate the process or create resource leaks that lead to service disruption.

What to do

If exploited, attackers could remotely crash your server or quietly drain its resources, leading to a denial of service. This means legitimate users could find themselves left out in the cold, unable to connect while malicious activities run rampant! To mitigate this, update your Node.js to the latest version where this flaw is patched. Additionally, ensure that your callbacks are wrapped safely to handle any exceptions. Regular audits on your TLS configurations will help secure your servers further! You've got this! Take these steps, and you'll strengthen your server against potential attacks in no time! 🛡️

The record
Technical detail
CVSS v3.0
5.9 · MEDIUM
Vector
CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
CVSS v4.0
Not supplied
EPSS
0.01119 · 65.9th percentile
Published
2026-01-20T20:41Z
EPSS history
Timeline
  • 20 JAN 20:41Z
    A flaw in Node.js TLS error handling allows remote attackers to crash or exhaust resources of a TLS server when `pskCallback` or `ALPNCallback` are in use
    cvelistv5