CVE-2025-66023CWE-416

NanoMQ has Use-After-Free of malformed bridging message

Medium · published January 1, 2026

CVSS v4.0
6.9
EPSS
0%
Percentile
29.5
In the wild
Unconfirmed
What it is

NanoMQ MQTT Broker (NanoMQ) is an all-around Edge Messaging Platform. Versions prior to 0.24.5 have a Heap-Use-After-Free (UAF) vulnerability within the MQTT bridge client component (implemented via the underlying NanoNNG library). The vulnerability is triggered when NanoMQ acts as a bridge connecting to a remote MQTT broker. A malicious remote broker can trigger a crash (Denial of Service) or potential memory corruption by accepting the connection and immediately sending a malformed packet sequence. Version 0.34.5 contains a patch. The patch enforces stricter protocol adherence in the MQTT client SDK embedded in NanoMQ. Specifically, it ensures that CONNACK is always the first packet processed in the line. This prevents the state confusion that led to the Heap-Use-After-Free (UAF) when a malicious server sent a malformed packet sequence immediately after connection establishment. As a workaround, validate the remote broker before bridging.

The record
Technical detail
CVSS v4.0
6.9 · MEDIUM
Vector
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:H/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:H
EPSS
0.00369 · 29.5th percentile
Weakness
CWE-416 · Use After Free
Published
2026-01-01T15:11Z
EPSS history
Timeline
  • 01 JAN 15:11Z
    NanoMQ has Use-After-Free of malformed bridging message
    cvelistv5