CVE-2025-64484CWE-644

OAuth2-Proxy vulnerable to header smuggling via underscore, leading to potential privilege escalation

High · published November 10, 2025

CVSS v3.1
8.5
EPSS
1%
Percentile
50.9
In the wild
Unconfirmed
What it is

⚡ An authenticated user can easily slip past OAuth2-Proxy's defenses by crafting sneaky X-Forwarded-* headers that use underscores instead of dashes! 🤯 Think of it like a restaurant accepting reservations with two different formats: if they ignore the difference between underscores and dashes, the wrong party shows up and gets seated at the VIP table! 🍽️ This vulnerability allows a malicious user to escalate privileges in the upstream application, potentially leading to unauthorized access or even full control over sensitive data. If left unpatched, it’s like giving an unwelcome guest the keys to the kingdom! 🚪⚡

Put simply

Think of it like a restaurant accepting reservations with two different formats: if they ignore the difference between underscores and dashes, the wrong party shows up and gets seated at the VIP table! 🍽️ In OAuth2 Proxy versions prior to 7.13.0, the lack of normalization for HTTP headers meant that attackers could exploit underscore variants to bypass filters, allowing them to control privileged actions in the upstream application. The vulnerability has been addressed in version 7.13.0 by normalizing headers, treating underscores and dashes as equivalent.

What to do

This vulnerability allows a malicious user to escalate privileges in the upstream application, potentially leading to unauthorized access or even full control over sensitive data. If left unpatched, it’s like giving an unwelcome guest the keys to the kingdom! 🚪⚡ Upgrade your OAuth2 Proxy to version 7.13.0 or later immediately. Additionally, review your upstream services’ filtering logic to ensure they don’t equate underscores with hyphens. Consider leveraging the new configuration field `InsecureSkipHeaderNormalization` if you need a specific header preserved. You’ve got this! By taking these steps, you’ll help secure your applications and level up your security hero status! 🛡️✨

The record
Technical detail
CVSS v3.1
8.5 · HIGH
Vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:L/A:N
CVSS v4.0
Not supplied
EPSS
0.00658 · 50.9th percentile
Weakness
CWE-644 · Improper Neutralization of HTTP Headers for Scripting Syntax
Published
2025-11-10T21:33Z
EPSS history
Timeline
  • 10 NOV 21:33Z
    OAuth2-Proxy vulnerable to header smuggling via underscore, leading to potential privilege escalation
    cvelistv5