CVE-2025-54491CWE-121

A stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability exists in the MFER parsing functionality of The Biosig Project libbiosig 3.9.0 and Master Branch (35a819fa)

Critical · published August 25, 2025

CVSS v3.1
9.8
EPSS
1%
Percentile
51.9
In the wild
Unconfirmed
What it is

🚨 A single crafted MFER file is all it takes to exploit this vulnerability! Imagine an attacker slipping a Trojan horse past security and executing their code at will. 🔥 Think of it like handing a kitchen staff a recipe with missing ingredients. If they follow the flawed procedure, the dish can explode, ruining the whole restaurant! In this case, a buffer overflow allows an attacker to execute arbitrary code by manipulating the input, making it dangerously simple to exploit. With this vulnerability, an attacker could gain complete control over the system, potentially leading to data theft, system outages, or even turning the device into a bot for further attacks. This could be absolutely devastating for users relying on the Biosig Project, exposing sensitive data or critical infrastructure to compromise.

Put simply

Think of it like handing a kitchen staff a recipe with missing ingredients. If they follow the flawed procedure, the dish can explode, ruining the whole restaurant! In this case, a buffer overflow allows an attacker to execute arbitrary code by manipulating the input, making it dangerously simple to exploit. The vulnerability arises from a stack-based buffer overflow in the MFER parsing functionality of libbiosig. When tag 65 is processed, a specially crafted MFER file can lead to arbitrary code execution, allowing attackers to run malicious code on the target system.

What to do

With this vulnerability, an attacker could gain complete control over the system, potentially leading to data theft, system outages, or even turning the device into a bot for further attacks. This could be absolutely devastating for users relying on the Biosig Project, exposing sensitive data or critical infrastructure to compromise. Immediately update libbiosig to version 3.9.1 or later to patch this vulnerability. Review your usage of MFER files to ensure no malicious files are processed. Additionally, consider implementing strict input validation to prevent such attacks in the future. You've got this! By patching and staying vigilant, you can protect your systems and maintain your superhero status in security! 🛡️

The record
Technical detail
CVSS v3.1
9.8 · CRITICAL
Vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
CVSS v4.0
Not supplied
EPSS
0.00682 · 51.9th percentile
Weakness
CWE-121 · Stack-based Buffer Overflow
Published
2025-08-25T13:53Z
EPSS history
Timeline
  • 25 AUG 13:53Z
    A stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability exists in the MFER parsing functionality of The Biosig Project libbiosig 3.9.0 and Master Branch (35a819fa)
    cvelistv5