CVE-2025-54486CWE-121

A stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability exists in the MFER parsing functionality of The Biosig Project libbiosig 3.9.0 and Master Branch (35a819fa)

Critical · published August 25, 2025

CVSS v3.1
9.8
EPSS
1%
Percentile
51.9
In the wild
Unconfirmed
What it is

🔥 A crafty MFER file could open the door to arbitrary code execution in libbiosig 3.9.0— and it only takes one malicious line! Think of this vulnerability as a sneaky delivery driver who, instead of verifying the package, accepts it without a second glance, leading to a dangerous surprise when it’s opened. An attacker could leverage this stack-based buffer overflow to execute any code they desire, potentially compromising the entire system. This means they could steal sensitive data, manipulate software behavior, or even take control of connected devices—absolutely devastating!

Put simply

Think of this vulnerability as a sneaky delivery driver who, instead of verifying the package, accepts it without a second glance, leading to a dangerous surprise when it’s opened. In this vulnerability, a specially crafted MFER file triggers a stack-based buffer overflow in the Biosig Project's parsing functionality, allowing an attacker to execute arbitrary code. It occurs specifically on line 8824 of biosig.c when processing MFER Tag 11.

What to do

An attacker could leverage this stack-based buffer overflow to execute any code they desire, potentially compromising the entire system. This means they could steal sensitive data, manipulate software behavior, or even take control of connected devices—absolutely devastating! To protect against this vulnerability, immediately upgrade to the latest version of libbiosig, where this issue is addressed. Additionally, ensure that your system validates the contents of MFER files before processing them to prevent malicious data from being accepted. Stay vigilant! You've got this! With these steps, you can keep your systems secure and earn your security hero cape! 🦸

The record
Technical detail
CVSS v3.1
9.8 · CRITICAL
Vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
CVSS v4.0
Not supplied
EPSS
0.00682 · 51.9th percentile
Weakness
CWE-121 · Stack-based Buffer Overflow
Published
2025-08-25T13:53Z
EPSS history
Timeline
  • 25 AUG 13:53Z
    A stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability exists in the MFER parsing functionality of The Biosig Project libbiosig 3.9.0 and Master Branch (35a819fa)
    cvelistv5