CVE-2025-48187CWE-307

RAGFlow through 0.18.1 allows account takeover because it is possible to conduct successful brute-force attacks against email verification codes to perform…

Critical · published May 17, 2025

CVSS v3.1
9.1
EPSS
1%
Percentile
45.0
In the wild
Unconfirmed
What it is

🚨 Six-digit codes, zero limits. With RAGFlow version 0.18.1, a clever attacker could easily brute-force their way into accounts — it’s like an unlocked front door with a welcome mat saying ‘please come in!’ 🔥 Think of it like a hotel where anyone can walk up and guess the room number without ever being stopped — just a few tries and they could access any room they want. The consequences are absolutely devastating! An attacker could register arbitrary accounts, log in as anyone, and even reset passwords at will. This is an open invitation for chaos, potentially leading to data breaches and unauthorized access to sensitive information.

Put simply

Think of it like a hotel where anyone can walk up and guess the room number without ever being stopped — just a few tries and they could access any room they want. This vulnerability allows attackers to perform brute-force attacks on six-digit email verification codes due to the lack of rate limiting, enabling them to bypass security measures for account registration and login.

What to do

The consequences are absolutely devastating! An attacker could register arbitrary accounts, log in as anyone, and even reset passwords at will. This is an open invitation for chaos, potentially leading to data breaches and unauthorized access to sensitive information. Immediately upgrade RAGFlow to version 0.19 or later, which includes crucial fixes for this vulnerability. Additionally, implement rate limiting on email verification attempts to prevent brute-force attacks from succeeding. Don't forget to review your security policies! You've got this! Take these steps to secure your accounts and lock the front door tight! 🛡️

The record
Technical detail
CVSS v3.1
9.1 · CRITICAL
Vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N
CVSS v4.0
Not supplied
EPSS
0.00546 · 45.0th percentile
Weakness
CWE-307 · Improper Restriction of Excessive Authentication Attempts
Published
2025-05-17T00:00Z
EPSS history
Timeline
  • 17 MAY 00:00Z
    RAGFlow through 0.18.1 allows account takeover because it is possible to conduct successful brute-force attacks against email verification codes to perform…
    cvelistv5