CVE-2025-46560CWE-1333

vLLM phi4mm: Quadratic Time Complexity in Input Token Processing​ leads to denial of service

Medium · published April 30, 2025

CVSS v3.1
6.5
EPSS
1%
Percentile
43.6
In the wild
Unconfirmed
What it is

vLLM is a high-throughput and memory-efficient inference and serving engine for LLMs. Versions starting from 0.8.0 and prior to 0.8.5 are affected by a critical performance vulnerability in the input preprocessing logic of the multimodal tokenizer. The code dynamically replaces placeholder tokens (e.g., <|audio_|>, <|image_|>) with repeated tokens based on precomputed lengths. Due to ​​inefficient list concatenation operations​​, the algorithm exhibits ​​quadratic time complexity (O(n²))​​, allowing malicious actors to trigger resource exhaustion via specially crafted inputs. This issue has been patched in version 0.8.5.

The record
Technical detail
CVSS v3.1
6.5 · MEDIUM
Vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
CVSS v4.0
Not supplied
EPSS
0.00524 · 43.6th percentile
Weakness
CWE-1333 · Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity
Published
2025-04-30T00:24Z
EPSS history
Timeline
  • 30 APR 00:24Z
    vLLM phi4mm: Quadratic Time Complexity in Input Token Processing​ leads to denial of service
    cvelistv5