CVE-2025-20188CWE-798

A vulnerability in the Out-of-Band Access Point (AP) Image Download, the Clean Air Spectral Recording, and the client debug bundles features of Cisco IOS XE…

Critical · published May 7, 2025

CVSS v3.1
10.0
EPSS
27%
Percentile
98.1
In the wild
Unconfirmed
What it is

🚨 A hard-coded JSON Web Token in Cisco IOS XE could let attackers upload any file they want, no password needed! 🔥 Think of it like a delivery service that doesn’t check packages before accepting them; a courier could drop off anything, including something dangerous. This oversight creates a pathway for malicious files to slip right into the network! If an attacker successfully exploits this vulnerability, they could upload malicious files and execute arbitrary commands with root privileges. Imagine a burglar waltzing into your home and making themselves at home — they could steal sensitive data, install malware, or even take full control of the system. Absolutely devastating!

Put simply

Think of it like a delivery service that doesn’t check packages before accepting them; a courier could drop off anything, including something dangerous. This oversight creates a pathway for malicious files to slip right into the network! This vulnerability allows unauthenticated remote attackers to upload arbitrary files through the AP file upload interface, thanks to the presence of a hard-coded JWT. The flaw enables path traversal, which can be exploited to execute commands with elevated privileges on affected systems.

What to do

If an attacker successfully exploits this vulnerability, they could upload malicious files and execute arbitrary commands with root privileges. Imagine a burglar waltzing into your home and making themselves at home — they could steal sensitive data, install malware, or even take full control of the system. Absolutely devastating! To protect your systems, immediately patch to the latest version of Cisco IOS XE Software. Review your configurations to ensure that the file upload interface is secured and that hard-coded tokens are removed or replaced. Implement strict access controls to mitigate the risk of unauthorized access. You've got this! Follow these steps, and you'll be well on your way to securing your environment! 🛡️

The record
Technical detail
CVSS v3.1
10.0 · CRITICAL
Vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
CVSS v4.0
Not supplied
EPSS
0.27488 · 98.1th percentile
Weakness
CWE-798 · Use of Hard-coded Credentials
Published
2025-05-07T17:34Z
EPSS history
Timeline
  • 07 MAY 17:34Z
    A vulnerability in the Out-of-Band Access Point (AP) Image Download, the Clean Air Spectral Recording, and the client debug bundles features of Cisco IOS XE…
    cvelistv5