CVE-2024-57974

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

udp: Deal with race between UDP socket address change and rehash

If a UDP socket changes its local address while it's receiving

datagrams, as a result of connect(), there is a period during which

a lookup operation might fail to find it, after the address is changed

but before the secondary hash (port and address) and the four-tuple

hash (local and remote ports and addresses) are updated.

Secondary hash chains were introduced by commit 30fff9231fad ("udp:

bind() optimisation") and, as a result, a rehash operation became

needed to make a bound socket reachable again after a connect().

This operation was introduced by commit 719f835853a9 ("udp: add

rehash on connect()") which isn't however a complete fix: the

socket will be found once the rehashing completes, but not while

it's pending.

This is noticeable with a socat(1) server in UDP4-LISTEN mode, and a

client sending datagrams to it. After the server receives the first

datagram (cf. _xioopen_ipdgram_listen()), it issues a connect() to

the address of the sender, in order to set up a directed flow.

Now, if the client, running on a different CPU thread, happens to

send a (subsequent) datagram while the server's socket changes its

address, but is not rehashed yet, this will result in a failed

lookup and a port unreachable error delivered to the client, as

apparent from the following reproducer:

LEN=$(($(cat /proc/sys/net/core/wmem_default) / 4))

dd if=/dev/urandom bs=1 count=${LEN} of=tmp.in

while :; do

taskset -c 1 socat UDP4-LISTEN:1337,null-eof OPEN:tmp.out,create,trunc &

sleep 0.1 || sleep 1

taskset -c 2 socat OPEN:tmp.in UDP4:localhost:1337,shut-null

wait

done

where the client will eventually get ECONNREFUSED on a write()

(typically the second or third one of a given iteration):

2024/11/13 21:28:23 socat[46901] E write(6, 0x556db2e3c000, 8192): Connection refused

This issue was first observed as a seldom failure in Podman's tests

checking UDP functionality while using pasta(1) to connect the

container's network namespace, which leads us to a reproducer with

the lookup error resulting in an ICMP packet on a tap device:

LOCAL_ADDR="$(ip -j -4 addr show|jq -rM '.[] | .addr_info[0] | select(.scope == "global").local')"

while :; do

./pasta --config-net -p pasta.pcap -u 1337 socat UDP4-LISTEN:1337,null-eof OPEN:tmp.out,create,trunc &

sleep 0.2 || sleep 1

socat OPEN:tmp.in UDP4:${LOCAL_ADDR}:1337,shut-null

wait

cmp tmp.in tmp.out

done

Once this fails:

tmp.in tmp.out differ: char 8193, line 29

we can finally have a look at what's going on:

$ tshark -r pasta.pcap

1 0.000000 :: ? ff02::16 ICMPv6 110 Multicast Listener Report Message v2

2 0.168690 88.198.0.161 ? 88.198.0.164 UDP 8234 60260 ? 1337 Len=8192

3 0.168767 88.198.0.161 ? 88.198.0.164 UDP 8234 60260 ? 1337 Len=8192

4 0.168806 88.198.0.161 ? 88.198.0.164 UDP 8234 60260 ? 1337 Len=8192

5 0.168827 c6:47:05:8d:dc:04 ? Broadcast ARP 42 Who has 88.198.0.161? Tell 88.198.0.164

6 0.168851 9a:55:9a:55:9a:55 ? c6:47:05:8d:dc:04 ARP 42 88.198.0.161 is at 9a:55:9a:55:9a:55

7 0.168875 88.198.0.161 ? 88.198.0.164 UDP 8234 60260 ? 1337 Len=8192

8 0.168896 88.198.0.164 ? 88.198.0.161 ICMP 590 Destination unreachable (Port unreachable)

9 0.168926 88.198.0.161 ? 88.198.0.164 UDP 8234 60260 ? 1337 Len=8192

10 0.168959 88.198.0.161 ? 88.198.0.164 UDP 8234 60260 ? 1337 Len=8192

11 0.168989 88.198.0.161 ? 88.198.0.164 UDP 4138 60260 ? 1337 Len=4096

12 0.169010 88.198.0.161 ? 88.198.0.164 UDP 42 60260 ? 1337 Len=0

On the third datagram received, the network namespace of the container

initiates an ARP lookup to deliver the ICMP message.

In another variant of this reproducer, starting the client with:

strace -f pasta --config-net -u 1337 socat UDP4-LISTEN:1337,null-eof OPEN:tmp.out,create,tru

---truncated---